What color combination represents cardinal mark buoys that must be used to mark true headings?

The correct understanding of cardinal mark buoys centers around their primary purpose of indicating safe waters and potential dangers in relation to fixed obstacles or channel alignments. Cardinal buoy systems utilize unique color combinations and markings to convey information regarding the direction of safe water.

The color combination of black and yellow horizontally striped represents cardinal mark buoys. These buoys signal to mariners the safest navigational routes and the direction of the deeper or safe water. Specifically, black and yellow horizontal stripes indicate that the safe water is located in a specific direction, which is crucial for navigation around obstacles. The orientation of the stripes helps sailors understand the navigational context, allowing for the identification of safe passage routes.

This distinctive marking assists mariners in determining their true headings relative to the buoys. The use of other combinations, such as red and white vertical stripes or blue and white, are not aligned with cardinal marking systems, which can lead to confusion in navigation. Understanding these color codes is essential for anyone navigating waters with buoys and helps ensure safe passage.